Assignment: Phenomena and theories

Assignment: Phenomena and theories

Assignment: Phenomena and theories

The difference between phenomena and theories is essentially the same as the difference between which of the following?
a observations and models
b correlational studies and experiments
c significant and nonsignificant results
d models and hypotheses
16 How does a framework differ from a theory?
a A framework is usually more specific than a theory.
b A framework is usually more general than a theory.
c A framework cannot be tested but a theory can.
d A framework can be tested but a theory cannot.
17 For every _____ there are many plausible _____.
a fact; phenomena
b theory; researchers
c phenomenon; theories
d researcher; variables
18 As a general rule, every phenomenon has which of the following?
a no real explanation
b one clear explanation
c many plausible explanations
d one discoverer
19 Theories in evolutionary psychology tend to take which approach?
a functional
b mechanistic
c typological
d stage

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20 A theory that explains a behavior primarily in terms of why it happens is which of the following?
a a mechanistic theory
b a typology
c a functional theory
d a hypothesis
21 The general approach that scientists use to create and test theories is called which of the following?
a the functional-mechanistic method
b the theory-model-phenomenon approach
c the quasi-logical hypothesis
d the hypothetico-deductive method
22 What is the first thing that you should do in constructing a new theory?
a Create a set of mathematical equations that might account for the phenomena of interest.
b Understand the phenomena of interest in detail, along with any existing theories of them.
c Conduct at least four to six new empirical studies.
d Decide which type of theory you want to construct.
23 Measurement is best defined as which of the following?
a directly comparing one individual to a standard reference individual
b the assignment of scores to individuals so the scores represent some characteristic of the individuals
c the use of an established measuring instrument such as a ruler or scale to describe an individual
d an objective method of counting individuals

24. Which of the following is the best example of a construct?
a. depression
b. number of siblings
c. height
d. annual income
25. What is it called when a researcher measures the same construct in different ways?
a. multiple measurement
b. exploratory research
c. inconsistent assessment
d. converging operations