Motility

Motility

1. The process by which food is received into the GI tract via the mouth is called _______________.
2. The esophagus is digestive in function. ______________.
3. Swallowing has both voluntary and involuntary components. ____________.
4. The function of the epiglottis is to prevent a bolus from entering the ______________________.
5. The first wave of contraction of the esophageal muscles is called ___________ ______________.
6. If a food bolus does not make it all the way to the stomach, _____________________ peristalsis
forces the bolus the remainder of the way.
7. Peristaltic contractions of the stomach occur about ___________ times per minute when food
makes it into the body and fundus.
8. The frequency of peristaltic contractions is regulated by ____________________________ cells.
9. Gastric emptying would be slowed by which of the following?
_________________________________________.
10. ______________ regulate gastric juice secretion during the cephalic phase.

11.The cephalic phase of digestion is regulated by short reflexes. ___________.
12. The ____________________ nerve carries electrical signals from the brain to the stomach.
13. The hormone ________________________________ regulates gastric secretion during the
gastric phase of digestion.
Page 1 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University
14. Gastric motility ______________________________ as the stomach begins to receive food.
15. The hormone ______________________________ released by the duodenum causes gastric
motility to decrease when fats are present in the duodenum.
16. The hormone __________________________ causes the gallbladder to contract and release bile
into the small intestine.
17. The ________________________________________ reflex describes the communication
between the intestine and the stomach.
18. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation ______________________ digestive system activity.
19. The motility process illustrated below is ____________________________________.
20. Segmentation moves chyme in only one direction. __________.
21. The frequency of segmentation contractions is greatest in the __________________________.
22. ______________________________ reflexes stimulate the ileum to increase activity when food
is in the stomach.
23. The hormone _______________ causes the ileocecal sphincter to relax during the gastric phase.
24. During the interdigestive period, ____________ _________________ _____________ occur
about once every 90 minutes to move undigested materials toward the terminal ileum.
25. Migrating motility complexes are controlled by the central nervous system. ___________.

Page 2 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University
26.List the two major functions of the large intestine:
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
27. Pockets formed by the contractions of the transverse and descending colon musculature are
called __________________.
28. Sustained, intense propulsive peristaltic contractions of the large intestine are called
_____________ _____________.
29. Which of the following is under voluntary control? ____________________________________.
30. Only about __________ ml of the 500 ml of chyme that entered the colon is voided as feces.
31. Place the following labels on the large intestine figure below:
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, haustra,
appendix
32. The _______________________________ reflex stimulates mass movements of the colon.
Page 3 of 4 BIO1014 Anatomy and Physiology II Lab © 2013 South University
33. List three emotions or sensations that may produce constipation.
1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
34. The vomiting reflex is coordinated in the ___________________ ____________________.
35. Which of the following is not typically a stimulus for the vomiting reflex?

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

• Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
• Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
• One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
• I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

• Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
• In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
• Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
• Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

• Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
• Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
• I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

• I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
• As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
• It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

 

LopesWrite Policy

• For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
• Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
• Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
• Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

• The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
• Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
• If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
• I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
• As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

• Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: 
  • Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
  • Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.