NURS 6501 Week 2 Module 1 Assignment Case Study Analysis

NURS 6501 Week 2 Module 1 Assignment Case Study Analysis

Introduction: Scenario

The goal of this paper is to explain the presenting symptoms in the assigned case scenario, which is a 34-year-old Hispanic male with end-stage renal disease who required a kidney transplant from a cadaver donor because no family member was a match. I will also look for genes that may be linked to the disease’s development, as well as the process of immunosuppression and its impact on the body. The symptoms in this scenario were caused by the potential side effects of the transplant procedure and the medications administered.

Symptoms Presented and the Pathophysiology

The patient developed symptoms because of the possible side effects of the transplant procedure and the medications administered.  According to evidence based research, Kidney transplantation has been proven to be the most effective therapeutic intervention medically in patients that have been diagnosed

with chronic end-stage renal disease because it is the most desired and cost-effective method of renal replacement. The recipient’s immune response against the differing MHC surface antigens of the donor resulted in acute organ rejection. NURS 6501 Week 2 Module 1 Assignment Case Study Analysis – This often happens days to months after an organ transplant.  There is the possibility that the patient developed transplant rejection leading to renal failure that contributed to the weight gain and the reduced urine output (Kuan &  Schwartz, 2021). Furthermore, the sensitization of the body to the foreign organ contributed to the rising of temperate and feeling fatigued.

 

In response to the procedure and medications, certain factors, such as the patient’s genetic composition, can cause symptoms such as oliguria, increased weight gain, fever, and fatigue (McCance & Huether, 2019). One of the specific genes that contribute to the development of renal disease is rs25487 of the XRCC1 gene. The gene makes people more likely to develop end-stage renal disease. Furthermore, the GSTP1 gene is linked to C-reactive protein and ferritin levels. According to Abd EL-Hassib et al. (2021), based on the case study in NURS 6501 Week 2 Module 1 Assignment Case Study Analysis, individuals with the gene have an increased risk of oxidative and carbonyl stress. Patients with end-stage renal disease have higher levels of C-reactive proteins, which are markers of inflammation.

Conclusion

Immunosuppression reduces the ability of the body to activate the immune response to the pathogens (Benvenuto et al., 2018). The process may be achieved through the reduction in the number of T-helper cells which recognizes the foreign objects and activate other immune cells to fight the pathogen (Tielemans et al., 2019). Alternatively, the effect may also be induced in the bone marrow. Besides, it reduces the inflammation in the body and the associated symptoms. However, it could be detrimental to the body because of the increased susceptibility to infections (Brown et al., 2017).

Finally, the human system is interconnected, and thus when one organ has been affected the rest may also suffer. In this case, the patient suffered organ transplant rejection and this could lead to increased inflammation. Decreased urine output was an indication of renal failure.

References

Abd EL-Hassib, D. M., Zidan, M. A., El Amawy, M. M., Hegazy, H. A., & Ameen, S. G. (2021). Polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln may predict for development of end-stage renal disease. A PCR confirmed case-control study. Meta Gene, 29, 100915. 

Benvenuto, L. J., Anderson, M. R., & Arcasoy, S. M. (2018). New frontiers in immunosuppression. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 10(5), 3141-3155. 

Brown, S. A., Tyrer, F. C., Clarke, A. L., Lloyd-Davies, L. H., Stein, A. G., Tarrant, C., Burton, J. O., & Smith, A. C. (2017). Symptom burden in patients with chronic kidney disease not requiring renal replacement therapy. Clinical Kidney Journal, 10(6), 788-796. 

Kuan, K., & Schwartz, D. (2021). Educational case: Kidney transplant rejection. Academic Pathology, 8, 237428952110068. 

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for

disease in adults and children (8th ed.).

Tielemans, M. M., Van Boekel, G. A., Van Gelder, T., Tjwa, E. T., & Hilbrands, L. B. (2019). Immunosuppressive drugs and the gastrointestinal tract in renal transplant patients. Transplantation Reviews, 33(2), 55-63. 

APA Writing Checklist

Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.

☐ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.

☐  The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ Topic is well defined.

☐ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.

☐ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.

☐ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.

☐ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.

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Examples of Scholarly Resources include: Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.

Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.

Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.

Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in Research Guides in the GCU Library.

☐ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, LopesWrite report, and ThinkingStorm to check your writing.