Question 1 (5 points)   Compared to other sociologists, critical…

Question 1 (5 points)   Compared to other sociologists, critical…

Question 1 (5 points)

 

Compared to other sociologists, critical sociologists place greater emphasis on the role played by

Question 1 options:

a)

social roles.

b)

power.

c)

socialization.

d)

epidemiology.

Question 2 (5 points)

 

In the nineteenth century, medical textbooks generally described masturbation as a sign of illness. Modern textbooks, however, do not. This is an example of

Question 2 options:

a)

medicalization.

b)

demedicalization.

c)

depoliticization.

d)

medical collaboration.

Question 3 (5 points)

 

Which of the following policies would legislators who believe heart disease is primarily caused by individual lifestyles be most likely to support?

Question 3 options:

a)

Increased funding for reducing air pollution

b)

School-based programs aimed at improving heart health through exercise

c)

Heavy taxes on tobacco manufacturers

d)

Tax deductions for persons at risk of heart disease who join gyms

Question 4 (5 points)

 

Across history, people have most commonly believed that illness was

Question 4 options:

a)

a deserved punishment for bad behavior.

b)

caused by witchdoctors.

c)

caused by bad genes.

d)

caused by bad water.

Question 5 (5 points)

 

Early nineteenth-century doctors argued that cholera typically attacked only individuals who

Question 5 options:

a)

had come in contact with dangerous miasma.

b)

had weakened their bodies through improper living.

c)

had been weakened by living in poverty.

d)

were malnourished.

Question 6 (5 points)

 

Which of the following is a contested illness?

Question 6 options:

a)

HIV

b)

Measles

c)

Fibromyalgia

d)

Leprosy

Question 7 (5 points)

 

Before 1900, the most common causes of death in the United States were

Question 7 options:

a)

chronic diseases.

b)

infectious diseases.

c)

accidents and trauma.

d)

infant and maternal mortality.

Question 8 (5 points)

 

The history of disease before the 1900s suggests that

Question 8 options:

a)

cities are healthier places to live than rural areas.

b)

long-distance travel improves public health by exposing doctors to new scientific ideas.

c)

changes in medical technology play a large role in increasing average life expectancy.

d)

changes in women’s roles play a large role in increasing average life expectancy.

Question 9 (5 points)

 

Which of the following is an underlying assumption of functionalism?

Question 9 options:

a)

Society is a smoothly working, integrated whole.

b)

Society is held together by coercion and constraint.

c)

Deviance is necessary for society to evolve.

d)

Society’s needs often conflict with individuals’ needs.

Question 10 (5 points)

 

In Germany, infectious and parasitic diseases are relatively rare, chronic and degenerative diseases are relatively common, and life expectancy is high. From these facts, we can conclude that Germany has experienced the

Question 10 options:

a)

epidemiological transition.

b)

sociological transition.

c)

expectational profile.

d)

demographic shift.

Question 11 (5 points)

 

Which of the following is LEAST well explained by the sick role model?

Question 11 options:

a)

The illegal drug user whose family rejects him after he gets AIDS

b)

The illegal drug user whose family supports him after he gets AIDS

c)

The person who seeks medical care for syphilis

d)

The person who seeks medical care for a mild cold

Question 12 (5 points)

 

The sociological perspective emphasizes the role played by

Question 12 options:

a)

social security.

b)

power.

c)

genetics.

d)

culture.

Question 13 (5 points)

 

According to most scholars, life expectancy in the United States increased dramatically after 1900 because of

Question 13 options:

a)

the introduction of smallpox inoculation.

b)

the development of new medical treatments.

c)

changes in nutrition and living conditions.

d)

the natural evolution of epidemics.

Question 14 (5 points)

 

Treating behavior problems among children as an illness is an example of

Question 14 options:

a)

medicalization.

b)

demedicalization.

c)

depoliticization.

d)

medical collaboration.

Question 15 (5 points)

 

Which of the following research projects best reflects a sociological perspective?

Question 15 options:

a)

How biological factors can trigger alcoholism

b)

How one’s relationship with one’s mother can trigger alcoholism

c)

How prejudice against Native Americans can foster high rates of alcoholism among Native Americans

d)

How genetic factors can cause Native Americans to have a high rate of alcoholism

Question 16 (5 points)

 

According to sociologists, doctors are

Question 16 options:

a)

social institutions.

b)

social deviants.

c)

social control agents.

d)

cultural commodities.

Question 17 (5 points)

 

Explanations for illness that emphasize individual blame have

Question 17 options:

a)

encouraged policy makers to focus on the impact of poverty.

b)

disappeared from American culture.

c)

encouraged policy makers to ignore social and environmental causes of illness.

d)

increased individuals’ risk of arthritis.

Question 18 (5 points)

 

We can tell that a condition is deviant by seeing if those who exhibit the condition

Question 18 options:

a)

are punished.

b)

receive token gifts.

c)

are police officers.

d)

have broken universal moral laws.

Question 19 (5 points)

 

Widespread genetic testing may lead to

Question 19 options:

a)

better counseling for those with genetic defects.

b)

increased economic protection for those who carry a genetic defect.

c)

psychological damage among those who learn that they carry the gene for a devastating illness.

d)

a greater understanding of why the severity of Down syndrome varies so widely.

Question 20 (5 points)

 

Which of the following research projects would someone who engages in the sociology of medicine be mostly likely to pursue?

Question 20 options:

a)

How doctors’ attitudes result in poorer persons receiving worse health care than wealthier persons

b)

How poor people’s attitudes toward doctors results in their receiving lower quality of care than wealthier persons receive

c)

Why poor persons develop arthritis more often than wealthier persons

d)

How individuals’ attitudes toward risk-taking affect whether they follow medical advice